Citroen Xantia

Since 1993 of release

Repair and car operation

turbocharger - the general data and safety measures

The general data

The functioning scheme турбокомпрессора

Some models are equipped by the system of a turbo-supercharging raising efficiency of return of the engine at the expense of lifting of pressure in the inlet pipeline above the atmospheric. Now air instead of simply being soaked up in cylinders, is forced in the engine under a pressure. ТНВД thus provides giving of additional quantity of fuel, supporting thereby demanded structure of a gas mixture.

Functioning турбокомпрессора is provided at the expense of kinetic energy of the fulfilled gases (the functioning Scheme турбокомпрессора see an illustration). The stream of final gases is banished through the special form a turbine casing, forcing a wheel of last thus to rotate. The turbine wheel is fixed on a shaft from which other end the second wheel also equipped with shovels and named a wheel of the compressor is established. The compressor wheel rotates in own casing, compressing external air thus submitted to the inlet pipeline.

On road from турбокомпрессора to the inlet pipeline air stream is banished through the built in cooler of system of a turbo-supercharging (Intercoоler). The given device represents the heat exchanger functioning by a principle air-air, is established outside on the engine and provides selection of heat from combustion of air submitted to chambers and transfer to its external air banished through подкапотное space. A problem of the built in cooler is indemnification of heating of air weight, an event owing to its compression in турбокомпрессоре. As the density of gases inversely proportional to their temperature, it allows to raise efficiency of action турбокомпрессора and, accordingly, engine returns.

The size of pressure of pressurisation (pressure in the inlet pipeline) is limited by means of special waste заслонки, providing tap of the fulfilled gases from a wheel of the turbine at the command of pressure of an actuation mechanism sensitive to change. Thus the special gauge-switch makes inclusion of a control lamp on an instrument guard of the car, informing the driver about excess of limiting value of pressure of pressurisation.

Greasing of a shaft of the turbine is carried out at the expense of giving on it being under the pressure of engine oil. Oil under a pressure on a special submitting tube arrives from the main oil gallery of the engine. Return of oil to the pallet картера the engine is carried out on the second (by-pass) tube. The system provides practically shaft posting on an oil pillow, allowing it is essential to raise operation term турбокомпрессора.

Safety measures

turbocharger works in the conditions of very high speeds of rotation and considerable temperatures in view of what at its service it is necessary to observe some special safety measures.

At all do not suppose functioning турбокомпрессора with open internal details, or at the disconnected hoses. Hit in the device of extraneous subjects easily leads to failure of turbine shovels and, besides, represents personal danger to the executor of works.

Do not raise engine turns right after realisation of its start (especially cold). Give to oil a little проциркулировать on the engine.

Before to suppress the engine, wait definitive dump of its turns to the single. Otherwise, the turbine during some time will continue to rotate by inertia without greasing.

After a high-speed trip before to muffle, let's to the engine work a little on single turns.

Try to observe intervals of routine maintenance of the car strictly. Remember that the careless relation to regular change of oil and the oil filter conducts to formation of coal adjournment on a shaft of the turbine and essential reduction of service life турбокомпрессора.