Opel Kadett E

1984-1991 of release

Repair and car operation

13.24.3. Detection of not closed chain

THE GENERAL DATA

The usual electric chain consists of an electric element, switches, the relay, engines, safety locks, automatic switches, wires and sockets which connect an electric element to the accumulator and a body. For the help by search of sources of malfunction of system of an electric equipment in section 14 schemes of an electric equipment of the car are resulted.

Before to try to define a malfunction source, study the corresponding scheme of an electric equipment for representation reception about the elements established in this chain. The circle of possible sources of malfunction can be narrowed if to check up functioning of other elements entering into the given chain. If some elements or chains fail simultaneously the problem, obviously, consists in a safety lock, the general for these chains or elements, or contact to a body.

Electric problems are usually caused by the simple reasons, such, as the weakened or rusted sockets, absence of contact to a body, the fused safety locks, the fused burnt through crosspiece or the faulty relay. Visually check up a condition of all safety locks, wires and sockets in the failed chain before to start check of other elements. Use schemes of an electric equipment for that definition what of trailer clips are necessary for checking up for detection of a source of malfunction.

The basic tools necessary for detection of a source of malfunction, the tester or the voltmeter (a bulb on 12 volt and the pair of wires with probeами on the ends also can be used for carrying out of some checks) are; an ohmmeter; the battery and a set of wires with probeами, накидной a puncture, it is desirable with the automatic switch or a safety lock which is used for detour of checked wires or elements.

For detection of the reason of unreliable work any of elements (usually because of bad connection, pollution of contacts or the damaged isolation), it is possible to inspect stirring of wires. It is necessary to shake a wire by a hand to check up, whether there is a malfunction at wire movement. Such method it is possible to narrow a circle of possible sources of malfunction to any wire.

Along with problems because of bad connection of wires two basic types of malfunctions in electric equipment system – the opened chain or short circuit can take place.

Problems with the opened chain appear as a result of breakage in an electric equipment chain that interrupts current course. The opened chain will cause switching-off of an element of an electric equipment.

Problems with short circuit are caused by short circuit of a site of a chain that leads to leak of a current from other chain, usually directly on a body. Short circuit is usually caused by rupture of isolation of wires that allows a wire to concern other wire or any earthed element, for example, bodies. Short circuit usually leads перегоранию a corresponding safety lock.